Creating great shopping experiences that engage customers is more difficult than ever for retail stores today. Payment processing, loyalty management, coupons, and in-store sales must integrate easily and securely with backend systems such as order management and fulfilment, inventory, and customer experience management.
The latest buzz in retail and payments is about retail point-of-sale (POS) system. Will it transform the retail industry? The majority of large retailers have embraced multichannel sales tactics such as e-commerce, digital ads, and mobile product information. Despite the massive rise of Unified Commerce advancements in retail, today’s brick and-mortar stores conduct 95% of sales transactions using a standard retail POS system.
So, let’s start from the beginning and define what is a POS system. Moreover, be fully aware of its testing challenges and solutions!
What is the Point of Sale System?
A POS (point of sale) is a computer that is connected to a receipt printer, cash drawer, credit/debit card reader, and bar code scanner, etc. Retailers use an automated retail system where the store cash registers are linked to computer processing systems. Merchandise is ticketed with colored bar code tags, which are read with want readers at the checkout counter. The computer accumulates sales transaction information on magnetic tape for daily input into the computer memory bank or storage system. It is input into the sales journal, which is rolled up into the stock ledger.
Why POS testing is important to ensure quality?
In competitive businesses such as retail, a POS can be a key differentiator. A good POS software package increases efficiency by eliminating unnecessary work and can manage the entire business. If the POS system doesn’t work as expected then grave repercussions might happen:-
- More manpower might be needed due to unreliability and slowness of checkouts.
- Risks of incorrect inventory records and employee thefts
- Erroneous Sales reports would not provide correct inventory levels and hence controlling cost would become a challenge.
- Extremely difficult tracking of promotions, discounts, and coupons.
- Incorrect loyalty member data and hence loss of business due to non-repeating customers etc…
Clearly, it is very important for POS applications to be reliable, scalable, easily maintainable, highly secured, and easily customizable by the customer and hence it demands a lot of focus on effectively testing the solution before it gets deployed.
Recommended Read: Ultimate Guide to Retail Software Testing: All You Need to Know
How to test POS for Retail?
As mentioned earlier, to ensure the quality of POS software, proper testing of the application is very crucial. Just like any other application to test a POS a good test plan should be developed too.
For retail POS testing, one has to focus on a lot of things. These are:
- Cashier activity: This includes customer transactions such as the entry of items, tender, Store Value Cards, discounts, and layaway. It also includes non-customer transactions such as cash drawer loans, petty cash, totals, and closings.
- Store Server and Back Office Integration: Verification of POS interaction with store servers and back-office systems. Register transactions can be verified against the Electronic Journal for accuracy.
- Platform check: If the POS supports multiple platforms then verification of the functionality on all the platforms should be part of testing
- Sales: Regular sale, Sale with credit/debit/gift card, return, exchange, loyalty member purchase, items, quantities, and prices
- Manage return and exchange: Return and exchange of an item with different tenders (cash, credit, etc), with and without receipt
- Discounts and Promotions: Item % discount, military discount (applicable in the US), line item discount, etc.
- Loyalty Members Data: The system keeps track of what your customers are buying and who they are. It keeps track of what’s selling, at what times of day or week, to which types of customers, and by which salespeople. The data collected from POS terminals is useful in the planning of long-term strategies. A good POS System will also have reminder dates for each customer so you can call or e-mail them prior to an anniversary or birthday.
- Ability to Read a Card: There are various types of cards in the industry today. (Magnetic Stripe, CAV, etc)
- Performance: Speed or the time taken to send a request (read) and receive a response and applying the transaction based rules (ex Rebates/Discounts/Tax etc)
- Negative Scenarios: Various transaction declined scenarios (Invalid Card/PIN/Expired Card etc.)
Software testing can be broadly divided into manual and automation testing, each of which has its own pros and cons. However, as software testers are becoming well versed with the latest automation technology, manual testing has started to take a back seat in many cases. Let’s study them with respect to our subject at hand i.e. POS.
What are the challenges in the manual testing of POS?
Testing a POS software package manually can lead to many challenges:-
- Multiple Configurations: Testing a POS application with different settings and configurations is a cumbersome task. Test cases should be designed to cover each and every scenario (positive or negative) in detail. Therefore significant budget should be put into the testing of such applications to prevent any major issues at the customer end.
- Peripheral issues: The peripheral issues may be related to devices that are connected to a POS like barcode scanners, scales, printers, towers, and cash drawers.
- Complex interfaces: Integration of POS Systems involves numerous interconnected systems and third-party elements. Systematic test design techniques are followed to reduce the complexity of interfaces
- Test Lab Maintenance: As a significant amount of hardware is normally connected to a POS, so it requires a large amount of space to house this hardware. You also have to put some effort and expense into keeping the hardware is in good repair.
- Upgrades: Rapid technological advancements necessitate frequent hardware and software upgrades which require more infrastructure.
- PCI Compliance: Care must be taken to adopt PCI-compliant, tamper-proof infrastructure at all POS terminals to protect cardholder data and identity.
In the next blog post (POS Testing – Part 2)I will be talking about how Test Automation is beneficial, the different challenges in automation of POS, and how to select an automation testing tool to surpass all those roadblocks.
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